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2 Sheet-s-Sheet 1.-

W. J. THIERS. Ventilating Appa.ra, tus.

No. 223,777. Patented Jan.20,188 O.

2 Sheets- Sheet 2-.

W. F. J. THIERS. Ventilating Apparatus.

No. 223,777. Y Patented Jan, 20,1880.

NAPEIERS, PHOYO-UTNOGRAPNER. wAsmNurcN. u c.

' UNITED STATES PATENT rica.

WILLIAM FITZ JAMES THIERS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF OF HIS RIGHT TO BERNARD JOSEPH DWYER, OF SAME PLAOE.

VENTILATING AFPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 223,777, dated January 20, 1880.

Application filed October 27, 1879.

In all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM Frrz JAMES TIIIERS, of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Ventilating Apparatus; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

The nature of my invention consists of a self-operatingdevicc bymeansof whichagiven quantity of water at one end of a beam or lever may be made to exhaust and displace a corre sponding weight of atmospheric air at the opposite end of the balance beam or lever, the

quantity of air thus displaced being in proportion to the specific gravity of the two constituent bodies less the friction and onehalf ofthe gross weight of water utilized, one-half of the weight of water operating to exhaust or cause the atmospheric pressure to force the air through pipes or cylinders from any distant point, while the other half is operating to expel and displace by pressure the accumulated air in the opposite sets of cylinders, connected 2 5 with the balance-beam of the device, through any desired distance, by means of dischargingpipes and disinfecting-cha mbers.

The means by which my invention is carried into practical efi'ect are hereinafter particularly described,and distinctly specified in the claims.

In the drawings hereunto attached and forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a perspective view of the entire apparatus. Fig. 2

is a longitudinal central section of the same. Fig. 3 is a transverse section through the cyl inders by means of which the air is impelled.

. Fig. 4C is a plan view, showing said cylinders in transverse section and the connecting-pipes.

In these drawings, H H represent two cylinders adapted to contain water, and made of any size which may be required for the capacity of the apparatus. These two cylinders are connected to each other and to a central cylinder, F, by means of a pipe, h. (Indicated in dotted lines in the plan view.)

The pipe it enters the cylinders H at their side, and the central cylinder, F, is provided with an adjustable escape-pipe, f, of such a height as to maintain water in the cylinders H at the point near their top.

Centrally arranged in the cylinders H are pipes to a, terminating a little below the top of the said cylinders, but at apointa little higher than that to which the water rises within the said cylinders. These pipes to a are connected to transverse pipes 70 k k k, which extend to valves E E E, the latter being adapted to open so as to admit the air into the cylinders,

but to close when the air is discharged from the cylinders, while the valves E E have a re verse situation and operation.

Within the cylinders H Hare fitted air-cylinders R R, of a diameter slightly less than the inner diameter of the cylinders H, so as to allow easy play up and down and space for an annular column of water. These cylinders are adapted. to be forced vertically downward into the cylinders H and to receive reciprocal motion up and down within said cylinders.

It will be obvious that when a space between the inner and the outer cylinder is filled with water, and the said inner cylinder is vertically reciprocated, its first motion down ward, supposing it to be full of air, will tend to cause the air contained within it, acting against the weight of water ,ontsidethe innor cylinder, to be forced through the pipes at and through the valves .E, and as the air is thus forced it will be displaced by the water rising within the said inner cylinder. The reverse movement upward will tend to cause a vacuum in the aincylinder, by reason of the-falling of the column of water within said cylinder. The air through the pipe at and through the valve E, brought from the interior of the apartment or building to be ventilated, will thus be admitted and drawn into the interior of the said inner cylinder as it rises. Thus, by the constant vertical reciproca- 0 tion of the inner cylinder within the outer cylinder, in connection with the column of water maintained therein by means of the central cylinder, F, the air is drawn from the apartment through the valve E, and forced through 5 the valve E either into the open air or through a disinfecting-chamber, K. In this way the foul air from an apartment is drawn out and expelled, either in its foul condition or after purification.

In the respect described the apparatus is the same at both ends, the valves bearing the same relation to the cylinders, and the cylinders operating in precisely the same way.

The column of water made to act reciprocally in the outer tube by means of the reciprocation of the inner tube works upon the same principle as that shown in Letters Patent granted me on the 13th day of February, 1877, and numbered 187 ,430.

Reciprocal motion may be given to the inner cylinders in any well-known way. I have provided an apparatus, which constitutes the second part of my invention, whereby a head of water may be made to impart this recipro cal motion to the cylinders, and at the same time supply the necessary Water for action upon the air. This hydraulic apparatus is illustrated very clearlyin Fig. l, and also in Fig. 2.

Suspended from a pipe, M, which is pivoted upon a transverse shaft, m, are two watertanks, 0 O, to the central lower part of which are fixed the air-cylinders R It. Over the rocking shaft on is placed an oscillating tank, B, divided into chambers b b by a transverse partition, d, each chamber being connected with the pipe M on its own side, the pipe M being also divided on the same line with the. partition (I.

The pipe M discharges into the tank (I at each end through the flexible pipe M. Pipe-connections also convey the water from near the top of the tanks 1) b to the horizontal tanks 0. These horizontal tanks 0 are provided with vertical pipes opening into them at the bottom, (marked D D,) which pipes project into cylinders I I, arranged on each side of the cylinders H. The pipes D are provided with puppet-valves e, the stems of which project downward, so that when the tank (J is depressed the stems of the valves 6 strike against the bottom of the cylinders I and allow the water in the tank C to escape. The pipes ff connect these cylinders I to the central cylinder, F, and thereby supply it with water.

Upon each end of the hollow shaft or tube Mis a cross-head, p. This engages with a catch, L, hingedupon a transverse bar, 1, the latter being provided with an arm, g, and an adjustable weight, G. This adjustable weight Gis adapted'to counterbalance the weight of the tank (J and tubes M and 0, and to hold,

when the cross-head rests upon the catch L,

the whole in vertical position until the tanks are filled with water, when the weight of the water, added to the weight of the tanks and their connections, overcomes the adjustable weight G and throws up the lever upon which it is held, thus releasing itself, and, descendin g, forcing with it the inner air-cylinder upon that end. When it is thus descended, as before stated, the puppet-valves are lifted and the water discharged from the tanks on that end.

The descent of one end of the apparatus throws the partition d upon the opposite side of the centrally-arranged water-supply pipe It, thus turning the supply of water into the opposite tank, which has been elevated so as to bring the opposite cross-head above its proper tank I) and the tank 0 the action of the opposite end becomes the same as that first described. In this way the continuous reciprocating motion is imparted to the apparatus by the same supply of water as that which is carried to the cylinders. V

The apparatus above described may be located in any part of the building, the pipe :0 being connected with the part or parts of the building from which the foul air is to be withdrawn.

The arrangement of the pipes and the number of them will depend upon the circumstances of the case, and may be modified as thought best.

catch L, and as the supply of water fills the- The foul air discharged on the other side may be expelled to the outside of the building, or may be passed through a disinfectingchamber, if preferred or found necessary.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In a ventilating apparatus, the innerand outer cylinders, the inner adapted to be reciprocated vertically within the outer cylinder, in combination with the pipe at, opening into the inner cylinder, and with the system of pipes and valves, arranged as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of the cylinders H H and R R with pipes at and connections, constructed and operating as described, the intermediate cylinder, F, and the water and air connections, as set forth.

3. The combination, with the cylinders HH, of the tanks 0 G and cylinders It R, and of the oscillating pipe M and tanks b b, the latter arranged in relation to the water-supply as described, and all the parts constructed and operating in connection with the air-pipes, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WM. FITZ JAMES THIERS. Witnesses:

B. J. DWYER,

L. W. SEILY. 

